Breast Cancer, a grave health issue, remains at the forefront of public health concerns globally.
Often symbolized by a pink ribbon, this emblem barely scratches the surface of what Breast
Cancer truly represents. This disease manifests in various forms, each with its own set of
challenges, causes, and risk factors. In India, the scenario is particularly alarming, echoing a
global predicament, as thousands face the challenges posed by this ailment each year.
India’s battle with Breast Cancer: A growing health challenge
In India, Breast Cancer poses a significant health challenge. The Country ranks third in cancer
cases, with Breast Cancer being the most common among women. As of 2018, an estimated 1.62
lakh new cases and 87,090 deaths were reported, with survival rates around 66.1%.
The diverse faces of Breast Cancer: Types, Challenges, and Risks
Breast Cancer is not a singular entity but a collection of diseases with distinct characteristics.
The common types include Ductal Carcinoma – forming in the milk duct lining, and its invasive
counterpart, Invasive Ductal Carcinoma – which spreads beyond the ducts into the surrounding
tissue. Rarer forms like Tubular and Metaplastic Breast Cancer display a broad range of
aggressiveness and prognosis. Triple-negative Breast Cancer, known for its limited treatment
options and worse prognosis, emphasizes the spectrum of challenges in managing this disease.
Unveiling the complexity: Genetic and Environmental factors
The genesis of Breast Cancer is multifaceted. Genetic predispositions, such as mutations in the
BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, play a significant role. Environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and
hormonal imbalances also contribute, forming a complex interplay of causality that necessitates
thorough understanding and research. It is a combination of inherited mutated genes and external
factors that heighten the risk of facing this health challenge.
Breaking gender barriers
Breast Cancer’s occurrence in men, albeit less common, is a reality that necessitates awareness
across all genders. Globally, about 0.5-1% of Breast Cancer cases occur in men, underpinning
the importance of a gender-inclusive understanding of this ailment.
Breast Cancer Detection
Breast self-examination is a simple yet valuable tool for early breast cancer detection. It
involves a systematic examination of one’s breasts for any abnormalities. The steps to perform a
self-examination are:
● Choose a consistent time: Pick a time each month to perform your self-exam, ideally a
few days after your menstrual period when breasts are less likely to be tender or swollen.
● Visual inspection: Stand in front of a mirror with your arms at your sides. Look for any
changes in the size, shape, or appearance of your breasts. Check for dimpling, puckering,
or changes in skin texture.
● Raise your arms: Raise your arms above your head and look for the same changes in the
mirror.
● Feel your breasts: Lie down on your back and use your right hand to examine your left
breast and vice versa. Use the pads of your fingers and apply light, medium, and firm
pressure in a circular motion, covering the entire breast and armpit area.
● Check your nipples: Gently squeeze each nipple to check for any discharge or unusual
sensations.
● Repeat standing: Stand up again and repeat the visual inspection while raising your arms.
If you notice any of the following changes during your self-examination, consult a healthcare
professional:
● A lump or hard knot in the breast or underarm
● Changes in breast size or shape
● Skin changes such as redness, dimpling, or puckering
● Nipple discharge other than breast milk
● Persistent breast pain or discomfort
While self-examinations are an important part of breast cancer awareness, they are not a
substitute for professional screenings and diagnostic tests. Medical professionals use various
techniques to diagnose breast cancer, including:
● Mammograms: X-ray images of the breast tissue can detect abnormalities like tumours
that may not be felt during self-examinations.
● Ultrasound: This imaging technique uses sound waves to create images of the breast
tissue, helping to determine whether a lump is solid or fluid-filled.
● MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): MRIs are used in conjunction with mammograms
in some cases to provide more detailed images of the breast tissue.
● Biopsy: If an abnormality is found, a small sample of tissue is removed and examined
under a microscope to confirm whether it is cancerous.
Diagnostic advancements have significantly aided in early detection and management of Breast
Cancer. Annual mammograms, essentially X-rays of the breasts, are recommended for women
for early detection. With technological advancements, Artificial Intelligence now aids in
identifying cancer as small as 3-6 millimeters, heralding a new era in Breast Cancer diagnostics
and treatment. The adoption of new standards for women with dense breast tissue ensures
additional information during cancer screenings, reflecting the evolving landscape of diagnostic
measures.
Treatment of Breast Cancer: Strategies for battling it
Treatment of Breast Cancer calls for a multidisciplinary approach. It often involves a
combination of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy,
and immunotherapy. The choice of treatment depends on the type and stage of the cancer, along
with the patient’s overall health and preferences.
BBR Hospitals, Hyderabad, stands as a beacon of hope amidst these challenges. With decades of
dedicated service, state-of-the-art medical facilities, and a team of expert Oncology physicians
and surgeons, BBR Hospitals offers a sanctuary of comprehensive care for Breast Cancer
patients. Their proactive patient-service team, advanced equipment and sophisticated
technologies, and round-the-clock Emergency department readiness ensure individuals are wellprepared to face the health challenges ahead. The ethos at BBR Hospitals extends beyond merely
treating Breast Cancer — it’s about educating individuals to navigate through these challenges,
equipped with good health and information.
The journey through Breast Cancer may be daunting, but with professional assistance and a
strong support system, a hopeful horizon is attainable. BBR Hospitals offers robust support and
advanced healthcare solutions, ensuring individuals are never left stranded in their journey.