Osteoporosis is a medical condition that many have heard of but few truly understand. Often
described as the ‘silent disease,’ it doesn’t manifest any symptoms until a fracture occurs. This
ailment has particularly profound implications for the aging population, and recent statistics
from India showcase an alarming prevalence of Osteoporosis at 18.3%, among 31,238 adults. It
was revealed that around 46 million women out of the 230 million Indians over the age of 50
are afflicted with Osteoporosis (2018 figures).

Let’s delve deeper into the causes, repercussions, treatments, and the changes one can make in
their lifestyle to manage or prevent this condition.

What is Osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis translates to ‘porous bone.’ It is a condition where the bone density reduces,
making bones weak and more prone to fractures. Under a microscope, a healthy bone appears
like a honeycomb. However, with Osteoporosis, the holes in the honeycomb become larger,
leading to fragile bones.

Causes of Osteoporosis
● Age: As people age, the bone mass reduces faster than it’s replenished.
● Hormonal changes: Estrogen decreases sharply in women during menopause, leading
to bone loss; men too experience a gradual decrease in testosterone levels
● Family history: If your family has a history of Osteoporosis, the chances of developing
it increase
● Dietary factors: Low calcium intake, eating disorders, or gastrointestinal surgery can
weaken the bone
● Medications: Some medications, like steroids, can result in Osteoporosis when taken
long term
● Other factors: Conditions like Rheumatoid arthritis, Kidney or Liver disease, and
sedentary lifestyles also contribute to its occurrence

Repercussions of Osteoporosis
● Fractures: The most evident repercussion is the increased risk of bone fractures,
especially in the spine, hip, and wrist
● Height loss: Over time, repeated spine fractures can cause a stooped posture and loss
of height
● Pain: Fractures can be painful, and the pain can last long after the fracture has healed
● Reduced mobility: The fear of falling restricts the tendency of movement, and can
lead to feelings of isolation or depression

Osteoporosis and India’s Aging Population
India has seen a surge in the number of Osteoporosis cases in recent years. The reasons are
multifaceted, including increased life expectancy, urbanization, and shifts in dietary habits.
Moreover, a majority remain undiagnosed and untreated due to a lack of awareness.

Significance of Gender and Age
In Indian women of varying age groups, Osteoporosis prevalence ranges from 8% to 62%,
whereas in males older than 50 years, it ranges from 8.5% to 24.6%. Intriguingly, Osteoporosis
prevalence at the lumbar site escalates with age, from 3.4% between 40-49 years to 36.4% in
females aged 70 years and above. Every 3rd woman and every 8th man in India is affected by
Osteoporosis, underlining the gender disparity in prevalence rates.
Although women are majorly affected by osteoporosis, a low T-score in men indicates higher
vulnerability to osteoporosis, suggesting a need for increased awareness and preventive
measures among the male population as well.

Treatment Options for Osteoporosis
Combating Osteoporosis requires a multidimensional healthcare strategy encompassing
prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Measures like regular testing, along with medical
treatments, balanced diet and lifestyle modifications offer a beacon of hope.
● Bone-density tests: Regular screening can help in early detection and management
● Medications: Bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed medications for
Osteoporosis; Hormone-related therapy has also proven to be effective
● Physical therapy: Helps in strengthening bones and muscles
● Surgery: In severe cases, surgeries like Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty are performed

Lifestyle Modifications
● Diet: Increased intake of calcium and vitamin D via foods like dairy products, fish, and
green leafy vegetables help in better bone health; vitamin and mineral supplements can
also help when taken in the long-run
● Exercise: Weight-bearing exercises like walking, jogging, balancing workouts and
resistance training can help in strengthening bones
● Limit alcohol and tobacco: Both of these have been seen to contribute to bone loss
● Prevent falls: Use handrails, wear non-slip footwear, and keep living areas well-lit and
free from hazards to avoid falls

Osteoporosis is a silent but significant threat, especially for the aging population. Awareness,
early detection, and lifestyle changes are the cornerstones of managing this condition. As the
number of cases rises in countries like India, it’s imperative to prioritise bone health and take
proactive measures.
Navigating through the terrain of Osteoporosis requires professional assistance, robust support
systems, and an informed approach. BBR Hospitals, Hyderabad has emerged as a forerunner in
Osteoporosis care with a proficient cadre of Orthopaedicians and Orthopedic surgeons,
modern diagnostic facilities, a proactive patient-service team, and comprehensive care
paradigms.
BBR Hospitals prioritises education as a potent tool in Osteoporosis management, ensuring
patients are well-informed about their condition, necessary precautions, and available treatment
avenues.
BBR Hospitals exemplify a haven of comprehensive care and support, urging individuals to take
proactive steps in managing their bone health.